Das Band - Polyethylene Extruder
| Das Band - Polyethylene Extruder Release status: stable [box doku] | |
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| Description | A Band making machine. |
| Author(s) | A.B. (Bilex) |
| Platform | Sophistication |
Information
Das Band is a multicolored LD-PE ribbon. It is flexible but durable, has a nice smooth surface and can be cut into pieces easily. This assures high adaptability in many thousand applications. It was manufactured within two weeks in line with the Big Banana factory.
Dimensions: 1,5mm x 15mm x ~250.000mm
Material: Riblene® MV10
Processing
The Extruder is the machine creating das Band. It works similar to those machines known from industrial production of plastic pipes, sheets and profiles. A turning screw (here: ordinary 20mm drill bit) takes plastic pellets from a feed hopper and squeeze them through a die. While in industrial machines the energy is provided by shear strain and high pressure, this machine works with a heating area where the pellets start to melt. After inserting energy into the material, it needs to be cooled down after leaving the die immediately to bring it into shape. (This loss of energy is a general problem during the extrusion process, even in industrial processing.) Several rotating rolls work as a shaping unit.
The Machine
Motor & Gear & Housing
First tests were made with a low-budget gearmotor found on ebay. Those are advertised with high torque rates. A closer look at the data sheet shows that sometimes these numbers are the stall values. That means: No rotation at given load. The required torque for proper operation was not known before and there was no clue how to calculate it. The motor not only needs to press the material through the pipe and the die, sometimes the drill needs to cut pellets on their way from the hopper inside the heating pipe. That means that the required power depends on the used material. The first test-material was a gift from the plastic lab of the University Duisburg Essen. They gave us a whole 25kg bag for testing purpose. Unfortunately the material was not suitable for processing it in a selfmade-extruder due to its low MFI (Melt-flow-index) value. Even with very high temperatures the material did not become liquid as expected. Even without a die the first testing drivetrain nearly stalled.
After that failure I met Helmut at the Labor. Helmut is a polymere expert. He advised me to try a PE with a higher MFI. He recommended me to contact a well-known local plastic company in order to ask for a helping hand. A few days later another 25kg PE bag with PE pellets inside (amazing: PE pellets packed in a PE bag.) arrived at the Labor. Within these days I found a 120V gearmotor in the Labor basement. Someone told me it was used as mechanical switch in a high voltage application. This means: The device temperature may increase during continuous operation. Finally the motor was operated with 15V and there where no thermal problems at all. Although the motor is very big and seems to be very powerful (no datasheet or further information available) a gear box was added to increase torque by lowering the speed of rotation. The gearbox was manufactured by using the Labor CNC-Fräse. This was the most intense adventure I experienced with the machine so far. Proper gears and a solid housing are important to handle the power of the transmission. According to the power consumption and the speed of rotation the torque is approx. 10Nm during normal operation and using the high MFI LD-PE.
CNC-Milled housing & bearings
Gears
Screw without hopper
Heating Unit
First test
25V / 8,37A
Die
Shaping Unit
Distribution
Video
Video on Youtube